Spears had a cone shaped metal shoe or butt which allowed them to be stuck into the ground without damage to the shaft, but it could also serve as a secondary weapon if the head ,which was usually of iron, should be broken. Shafts were made from coppiced poles of woods like ash or hazel which possessed the right qualities of flexibility and strength...
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Javelins were occasionally used with a throwing strap to improve their range. Pilum: The pila (plural form) were quite unique in design. These javelins were designed to warp after impact, so they would drag down an enemy's shield, sometimes pinning two of them together. It had a barbed iron shaft connected to the wooden pole in a weighted socket...
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Roman Atifacts This frees the projectile to fly in a straight line. It flies on a tangent to the circle that the pouch makes. The sling derives its effectiveness by essentially extending the length of a human arm, thus allowing stones to be thrown several times farther than they could be by hand...	2 / 313
Humanities This is the type used by Legio XXX. 6. GLADIUS (Sword) - Developed from a Spanish short sword, the Gladius was the perfect weapon for fighting in close quarters...	4 / 1081
Roman Army As commander, the centurion had the right to give awards to the men in his century, as well as to punish them, whenever necessary. The centurion's punishments could be very severe, including execution...	5 / 1279
Roman Army They had to be strong and fit, for in addition to his weapons each soldier had to carry provisions for two weeks and tools for pitching camp. When the soldiers went into line of battle to fight, the formation was called acies;when they were marching in column it was called agmen...	2 / 417