They recognised that: The structure of a business as a coalition of stakeholders Groups of stakeholders have different views on the objectives of a business Managers have to identify strongly held views of stakeholders and consider them when they developed strategies The classical, behavioural and political approaches to management have their strengths and weaknesses: Classical treated people as machines although they significantly improved productivity at the time there are techniques, ignored by these theorists, that would further improve productivity, The Behavioural approach added to our understanding of the importance of leadership, motivation, communication and resolving conflict to improve productivity The political approach added to our understanding of power and authority in reconciling the different views of stakeholders The systems theorists recognised that a business should be seen as a system (a set of interrelated parts all operating together to achieve common goals)...

Structure makes possible the application of the process of management and creates a framework of order and command through which the activities of the organisation can be planned, organised, directed and controlled...

(use the company profile info found at www.bized.co.uk/company/info/times 100/case studies)(clarify the management techniques employed such as performance management, liason with other departments, establish a professional culture, incentives)

The role of the manager and management styles. 3. Production: nature and elements of production of goods and services; types of production systems and their implications for management; costs and their relationship to growth and size of the organisation...